Walmarts Cost Structure Essay Example

Walmarts Cost Structure Essay Example Walmarts Cost Structure Paper Walmarts Cost Structure Paper The Wall-Mart cost structure is known to be the most reduced In the retail Industry. Numerous market analysts don't concur with this structure on the grounds that despite the fact that shoppers are content with low costs Wall-Mart has constrained Its providers and rivals little and huge to bring down their costs In request for them to keep up the Image and notoriety of having the most minimal costs around for quality items. Numerous urban communities and neighborhoods have prohibited Wall-Mart because of the dread of private ventures being come up short on business sue to not having the option to contend with a goliath like Wall-Mart. In the same way as other different organizations Wall-Mart has different elements that influences it cost structure, for example, buying product and land which is by all accounts the greatest costs for this retail monster. Land is the greatest expense because of measure of store openings every year. Divider Mart has centered its openings to disconnected metropolitan territories and will keep on becoming so as to overcome most of metropolitan regions. At that point there Is the Merchandise where Wall-Mart keeps an enormous Inventory of . The fixed and variable expenses are just the partnerships working normal in which the organizations resources and liabilities are broke down. Divider Mart has utilized their working influence to the most extreme of their capacity. By buying most of land that the Wall-Mart stores and different divisions are situated on, they can make resources as opposed to liabilities. In spite of the fact that there are zones of the US and numerous different nations that rent the property for a predefined sum. Alongside other working costs the organization keeps up to ceaselessly develop which adds to this situation. Divider Mart is by all accounts one of the top enterprises with a low measure of fixed costs ND variable expenses being huge. The product of Wall-Mart adds up to another of Wall-Marts greatest expenses because of the measure of ,stock. For when an item rings in they need to pay for the gracefully of that item where if the expense of products sold ascents the business incomes will rise. The value versatility of Wall-Mart shopper request is one of a whimsical sort. The Wall-Mart supervisory group has dissected that when times are hard incomes increment.

A Psychiatric Disorder with a Biologic Basis: OCD

Over the top Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental issue with a biologic premise. It incorporates nosy musings (fixations) and dreary customs (impulses). The fixations produce tension while the impulses decrease nervousness. Nervousness is characterized as a â€Å"hyperalert state causing over the top autonomic excitement and reduced coping† (1). The fixations are tedious contemplations the individual can't shield from having that can incorporate thoughts, inclinations to accomplish something, or pictures. The impulses can incorporate unreasonable hand washing activated by on fanatical worry about germs. Or on the other hand, the individual may feel continually dangerous and need to more than once check their security, for example, more than once ensuring that the entryways are bolted or that the oven has been killed. The reason for OCD is a neurochemical awkwardness in the cerebrum, so drug can be a significant piece of treatment. It is the fourth most normal mental issue in America, happening as much of the time as schizophrenia. 5 million individuals in the United States have OCD, pretty much similarly isolated among guys and females. In spite of the fact that OCD is now and then treated gently, it is a genuine issue. Up to 92% of individuals with it state it has meddled with significant connections, and about 60% report that it diminished either homework or with their occupations. Every day designs are influenced by the dreary idea of impulses or in light of the fact that the individual attempts to evade circumstances that trigger their OCD reactions. Three unique synapses have been embroiled in OCD: nor epinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. Since synapses are included, drug can frequently help in the administration of OCD. Conclusion depends on the person's manifestations and can incorporate meeting, perception, the utilization of polls, and reports from relatives in regards to the individual's troubles. Notwithstanding medicine, training and brief directing can enable the person to get their confusion. Intellectual treatment can help the individual use rationale and balanced speculation to battle the impacts of OCD.

How Early Spirituality Deters Alcohol Abuse

How Early Spirituality Deters Alcohol Abuse Spirituality Print How Early Spirituality Deters Alcohol Abuse By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 13, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 23, 2019 Getty Images More in Self-Improvement Spirituality Happiness Meditation Stress Management Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All Teens who have an active spiritual life are half as likely to become alcoholics or drug addicts or even try illegal drugs than those who have no religious beliefs or training, research has found. Previous studies have indicated that being spiritual or religious may help persons recovering from substance abuse overcome their addictions later in life, but this new study suggests that adolescents are much less likely to ever develop those problems if they have a spiritual foundation when they are young. Alcoholism, in addition to being a biological disorder, is a spiritual disorder, lead author Dr. Lisa Miller told Reuters Health. Adolescents who claim to have a personal relationship with the Divine are only half as likely to become alcoholics or drug addicts, or for that matter even to try contraband drugs (marijuana and cocaine). This is particularly important because the onset of alcoholism and drug addiction usually occurs in adolescents. Strong Protection Against Alcoholism To determine the relationship between their religiosity and substance use of 676 adolescents aged 15 to 19, Miller and colleagues at Columbia University conducted a study using survey data. This is the first study to show that personal spirituality strongly protects against ever developing alcoholism or drug abuse. The study shows that teens with a higher degree of personal devotion, personal conservatism, and institutional conservatism were less likely to engage in alcohol consumption and less likely to engage in marijuana or cocaine use. Confirmed by Later Studies Another study at Brigham Young University of 4,983 adolescents found that those who were involved in religious activities were significantly less likely to become involved with substance abuse or have friends who are involved. A previous study at Brigham Young found that teens who were religious were less than half as likely to begin smoking marijuana - by far the most popular drug among adolescents. Spiritual, Not Religious The findings show that a personal sense of spirituality helps adolescents avoid alcohol and drug use and abuse, Miller told Reuters. Unlike adults in (Alcoholics Anonymous), adolescents in this study were shown not to be helped by a rigid or forced adherence to religion. In other words, religion forced upon adolescents by their parents or others has little effect, but if teens have made a personal choice to pursue a spiritual life, they are much less likely to drink and drug. Without Religion, Teens Will Go Shopping Spirituality, whether within or without of religion, is the most central bearing in an adolescents life, Miller emphasized. It cannot be ignored by parents, or the adolescent will go shopping for meaning, communion, and transcendence, she said. The study authors concluded that adolescents at high risk might be protected from substance dependence or abuse if they engage with a Higher Power or become involved in a religious community. The survey questioned teens about their personal devotion, personal conservatism, and institutional conservatism defined as representing an active personal relationship with the Divine, representing a personal choice to teach and adhere closely to creed, in some cases initiated through a born-again experience, and as the degree of fundamentalism in a religious denomination.

The Difference Between an Embassy and a Consulate

Due to the high level of interaction between countries in our interconnected world of today, diplomatic offices, such as embassies and consulates, are needed in each country to aid in and allow such interactions to occur. Ambassadors are their countrys government representatives abroad in matters between the two countries. These offices also provide services for potential emigrants and international travelers. Although the terms embassy and consulate are often used interchangeably, the two are different. Definition of an Embassy An embassy is larger and more important than a consulate and is described as a permanent diplomatic mission, which is generally located in a countrys capital city. For example, the United States Embassy in Canada is located in Ottawa, Ontario. Capital cities such as Ottawa, Washington, D.C., and London are home to nearly 200 embassies each. An embassy is responsible for representing the home country, for handling major diplomatic issues (such as negotiations), and for preserving the rights of its citizens abroad. The ambassador is the highest official in the embassy and acts as the chief diplomat and spokesperson for the home government. Ambassadors are typically appointed by the highest level of the home government. In the United States, ambassadors are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. Usually, if a country recognizes another as being sovereign, an embassy is established to maintain foreign relations and provide assistance to traveling citizens. Embassy vs Consulate By contrast, a consulate is a smaller version of an embassy and is generally located in the larger tourist cities of a country, but not the capital. In Germany, for instance, the U.S. consulates are in cities such as Frankfurt, Hamburg, and Munich, but not in the capital city of Berlin. The embassy is located in Berlin. Consulates (and their chief diplomat, the consul) handle minor diplomatic issues such as issuing visas, aiding in trade relationships, and taking care of migrants, tourists, and expatriates. In addition, the United States has Virtual Presence Posts (VPPs) to assist people around the world in learning about the United States and the areas in which the VPP is focused. These were created so that the United States could have a presence in important areas without physically being there. The areas with the VPPs do not have permanent offices and staff and are run from other embassies. Some examples of VPPs include the VPP Santa Cruz in Bolivia, the VPP Nunavut in Canada, and the VPP Chelyabinsk in Russia. There are about 50 VPPs worldwide. Special Cases Though it might sound simple that consulates are in larger tourist cities and embassies are in capital cities, this is not the case with every instance in the world. Jerusalem One such unique case is Jerusalem. Though it is the capital and largest city in Israel, no country had its embassy there until President Donald Trump decided to move the U.S. Embassy there in 2018. Instead, most of Israels embassies are in Tel Aviv because most of the international community does not recognize Jerusalem as the capital. Tel Aviv is identified as the capital because it was the temporary capital of Israel during the Arab blockade of Jerusalem in 1948. Jerusalem remains home to many consulates. Taiwan Few countries have an official embassy in Taiwan to establish representation due to the uncertainty of Taiwans political status with regard to mainland China, the Peoples Republic of China. As such, the United States, the United Kingdom, and many other countries do not recognize Taiwan as independent because it is claimed by the PRC. Instead, the United States and the United Kingdom have unofficial representative offices in Taipei that can handle matters such as issuing visas and passports, providing assistance to foreign citizens, trade, and maintaining cultural and economic relationships. The American Institute in Taiwan is the private organization representing the United States in Taiwan, and the British Trade and Cultural Office fulfills the same mission for the United Kingdom there. Kosovo Not every foreign country recognizes Kosovo as independent (as of late 2017, 114 do), and just 22 have established embassies in its capital of Pristina. There are several other consulates and other diplomatic posts in the country as well. It has 26 embassies abroad and 14 consulates. Former British Empire The member countries of the Commonwealth of Nations (mostly former British territories) do not exchange ambassadors but instead, use the office of high commissioner between member countries. Mexican Consulates Mexico is distinct in that its consulates are not all confined to large tourist cities, as is the case with the consulates of many other countries. For example, although there are consulates in the small border towns of Douglas and Nogales, Arizona, and Calexico, California, there are also many consulates in cities farther from the border, such as Omaha, Nebraska. In the United States and Canada, there are currently 57 Mexican consulates. The Mexican Embassies are located in Washington, D.C., and Ottawa. Countries Without U.S. Diplomatic Relations Though the United States has strong diplomatic ties to many foreign nations, there are four with which it does not currently work. These are Bhutan, Iran, Syria, and North Korea. For Bhutan, the two countries never established formal relations, and Syrian relations were suspended in 2012 after the war started there. However, the U.S. is able to maintain varying levels of informal contact with each of these nations by using its own embassies in nearby countries or through representation by other foreign governments. However foreign representation or diplomatic relationships occur, they are important in world politics for traveling citizens, as well as for the economic and cultural matters that result when two nations have such interactions.

Essay on Socrates Was NOT Guilty - 1667 Words

Socrates, in his conviction from the Athenian jury, was both innocent and guilty as charged. In Plato’s Five Dialogues, accounts of events ranging from just prior to Socrates’ entry into the courthouse up until his mouthful of hemlock, both points are represented. Socrates’ in dealing with moral law was not guilty of the crimes he was accused of by Meletus. Socrates was only guilty as charged because his peers had concluded him as such. The laws didn’t find Socrates guilty; Socrates was guilty because his jurors enforced the laws. The law couldn’t enforce itself. Socrates was accused of corrupting Athens’ youth, not believing in the gods of the city and creating his own gods. In the Euthyphro, Socrates defends himself against the†¦show more content†¦If it were the exact definition, only Euthyphro would be pious. He said that Euthyphro did not understand the difference between a definition and an example. Next, Euthyphro says that pi ety is found in things that are dear to the gods (7a). Socrates again rejected Euthyphro’s definition of piety. The Greek gods were anthropomorphic; therefore, another may despise what would be dear to one god. This definition offered was not distinct. Finally, Euthyphro said that what is pious is what loved by the gods (9e). However, Euthyphro can’t answer whether something is pious because it is loved or it is loved because it is pious. He can’t conceive the difference between cause and effect. It is in the Euthyphro that Socrates begins his defense of his actions and principles to the reader. A priest can’t give him a concise answer as to what is religious; therefore, how can anyone else, especially one less religiously guided than a priest, accuse him of blasphemous actions? In the Apology, Socrates aimed to do three things: defend his ideas and principles, continue to teach those who will open their mind and state that he knew regardless of what he said he was aware that all five hundred and one jurors knew who he was and disliked him. Socrates was well aware of the fact that he had made multiple enemies, he knew that the politicians, poets, rich and craftsmen allShow MoreRelatedSocrates and Civil Obecience or Disobedience1538 Words   |  7 PagesEssay: A Discussion on whether or not I believe that Socrates’ views in the Crito contradict his views expressed in the Apology. My position: I am in disagreement with this statement and my analysis, based on contextual evidence, is as follows: Although I could argue the question posited above from either position, as many have done before and, as many will continue to do after me, I do not believe that Socrates waivers in his beliefs between the two accounts according to Plato. 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Romanticism Analysis Free Essays

To a Mouse†- Robert Burns (Handout) Let life run its course The poem denotes the narrator of the poem is plugging his field when he cuts through a mouse nest. The poet shows regret and apologizes to the mouse before he goes on a tangent which reveals the deeper meaning of the poem. The connotation is that in life, we plan and do everything to make the future sweet Just like a mouse, yet luck can come and ruin it in one second. We will write a custom essay sample on Romanticism Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Life is unpredictable, and while preparing for the unpredictable future we aren’t enjoying the present moment – which the souse seems to be able to do. The narrator reminisces on ‘prospects dreary’, I. E. Bad events that have happened in the past which in some ways prevent him from moving on. Furthermore, some say that he is very fearful of the future and that these two reasons do not allow him to enjoy the present. He is also hinting that we ‘humans’ aren’t very empathic or sympathetic towards animals and nature like this mouse, but both species prepare for the future hoping for nothing to affect our smooth lives. He asks, so what if the mouse steals our corn it still has to survive – and this is the same or humans: so why are we so apart? Burns is talking about dreams and how there’s no difference between mice’s dream or a man’s dream. He’s saying that dreams are useless that they only leave you in pain and grief. â€Å"The Lamb†- Blake (712) Lamb represents goodness kindness and Jesus The poem begins with the question, â€Å"Little Lamb, who made thee? † The speaker, a child, asks the lamb about its origins: how it came into being, how it acquired its particular manner of feeding, its â€Å"clothing† of wool, its â€Å"tender voice. In the next Tanta, the speaker attempts a riddling answer to his own question: the lamb was made by one who â€Å"calls himself a Lamb,† one who resembles in his gentleness both the child and the lamb. The poem ends with the child bestowing a blessing on the lamb. â€Å"The Tiger†- Blake (712) Good and evil come from the same source? Did lamb creator create tiger? The poem begins with the speaker asking a fearsome tiger what kind of divine being could have created it: â€Å"What immortal hand or eye/ Could frame they fearful symmetry? † Each subsequent stanza contains further questions, all of which refine this first one. From what part of the cosmos could the tiger’s fiery eyes have come, and who would have dared to handle that fire? The speaker wonders how, once that horrible heart â€Å"began to beat,† its creator would have had the courage to continue the Job. Comparing the creator to a blacksmith, he ponders about the anvil and the furnace that the project would have required and the smith who could have wielded them. And when the Job was done, the speaker wonders, how would the creator have felt? â€Å"Did he smile his work to see? † Could this possibly be the same being who made the lamb? The world s too much with Us†- Wordsmith (733) Man is so out of tune with nature and so obsessed with the materialistic things in life. The writer would rather be pagan than suffer seeing how man is attached. At least Pagans are intact with nature as he is very angry with man. â€Å"Chimney Sweeper†- Blake (Handout) Argument against child exploitation The poem â€Å"The Chimn ey Sweeper,† in both Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience, protests the living conditions, working conditions, and the overall treatment of young chimney sweeps in the cities of England. Little boy soothing other ho is crying due to loss of hair as someone shaved it. No hair no dirt no problem innocent view. Having a dream about heaven that if he does his duty then all will be alright and he will move to heaven â€Å"London†- Blake Harsh conditions of England through the French Revolution The poem was published during the upheavals of the French Revolution, and the city of London was suffering political and social unrest, due to the marked social and working inequalities of the time. An understandably nervous government had responded by introducing restrictions on the freedom of speech and the manipulation f foreign mercenaries. The City of London was a town that was shackled to landlords and owners that controlled and demeaned the majority of the lower and middle classes. Within the poem that bears the city’s name, Blake describes 18th century London as a conurbation filled with people who understood, with depressing wisdom, both the hopelessness and misery of their situation. The Sick Rose†- Blake (714) Love destroyed by Jealousy possessiveness Alternatively the poem may suggest that all beauty is susceptible to destruction or itself has the power to destroy. It is a reminder that there is a good and evil side to all things – love can be both Joyful and painful, and all life is proceeded by death. â€Å"l Wandered Lonely as a Cloud†- William Wordsmith (735) The memory of daffodils remains imprinted in the tellers mind as it is beautif ul The speaker says that, wandering like a cloud floating above hills and valleys, he encountered a field of daffodils beside a lake. The dancing, fluttering flowers stretched endlessly along the shore, and though the waves of the lake danced beside the flowers, the daffodils outdid the water in glee. The speaker says that a poet could not help but be happy in such a Joyful company of flowers. He says that he stared and stared, but did not realize what wealth the scene would bring him. For now, whenever he feels â€Å"vacant† or â€Å"pensive,† the memory flashes upon â€Å"that inward eye / That is the bliss of solitude,† and his heart fills with pleasure, â€Å"and dances with the daffodils. † â€Å"Solitary Reaper†- Headwords (Handout) Girl speaking in dialect. Although can’t understand still hears songs playing in his head for which he is grateful even as he hears no more â€Å"The Solitary Reaper† begins tit the speaker instructing us to look upon â€Å"Yon solitary Highland Lass† who is â€Å"Reaping and singing by herself†. Thrilled by her song, the speaker compares the girl to a nightingale whose â€Å"melancholy strain† welcomes â€Å"weary bands / Of travelers† to â€Å"some shady haunt, / Among Arabian sands†. Yet he does not understand the words of her song (presumably they are in the Scottish Gaelic language), and impatiently cries, â€Å"Will no one tell me what she sings? He wonders if the subject is of â€Å"battles long ago† or of commonplace and universal things (â€Å"familiar matters of to-day†), reaps â€Å"some natural sorrow, loss, or pain. † Then he dismisses his own musings â€Å"Whatever the theme,† he says, â€Å"the Maiden sang / As if he r song could have no ending† -and refocuses his attention on the song. He listens, â€Å"motionless and still†, before finally mounting the hill and leaving the solitary reaper, still singing, behind. Though his ears cannot hear the song anymore, the sound of the Highland Lass’s music will forever be a fresh and evocative memory in his heart. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner†- Coleridge Mariner has to tell a story- when he has an agony feels he must let it out by telling Tory. First he tells it to wedding guests- admits to shooting albatross for no reason and that nature will punish him, the albatross hangs around his neck as a burden until he blesses the sea creatures and continues towards penitence for remorse. Eventually it falls off. The wedding guests learn that all creatures regardless of size great and small, are made equal in Gods eyes and that none is to harm one over the other. â€Å"Ode to the West Wind†- M. Shelley Wind is both a destroyer and preserver. West Wind Blows leaves off tree only to cover up seeds to allow them to grow. Spring Wind â€Å"Commanding†- Shelley (782) Traveler tells story of irony that he witnesses in the desert. A broken statue that has inscribed king of kings, look on my works, but in reality there is nothing but vast desert surrounding him. Egyptian attempt towards eternal life. â€Å"Bright Star WSDL I Were Steadfast As thou Art†- Keats (804) Man addressing star. He longs to be like the star as it is steady and unchanging. But does not want to resemble the loneliness, lone splendor and doesn’t want to look down on life by himself. Ode on a Grecian Urn†- Keats (799) Images inscribed onto urn prove to be story. His imagination wonders and he embraces a love so close to kissing the women but would rather hold back in order to always have that wondrous feeling of what it would feel like. Beauty and truth are only things that actually last for ever. â€Å"When I have fears that I may cease to be†- Keats (803) Keats describes fears of death through what the narrator wishes to accomplish through life. He fears death because he will miss the great things such as love, fame, and writing. This poem reflects Keats worst fears; to die too soon† When I have fears hat I may cease to be†. The speaker in Keats poem actually reflects what is going on in Keats’ mind†¦ Keats knew that he will die too soon because of his disease, and what hurts him the most is not being able to write his poems which will lead him to fame, and the loss of his beloved one†¦ Keats recognizes the fact that death is inevitable but he doesn’t want to die before he writes his poems†¦ And before his â€Å"pen has gleaned my teeming brain†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ He is afraid that he will never be able to look at his â€Å"fair creature of an hour†. How to cite Romanticism Analysis, Papers

King Charles V Essay Example

King Charles V Essay During the period of the 15th to 16th centuries, also know as The Beginning of Early Modern Times, strong central governments arose throughout Europe.The rulers of this period have since been coined new monarchs, due to the fact that they encouraged trade, overseas expansion, and made attempts to relieve social distress, unlike their predecessors.King Charles V of Spain was the epitome of what the new monarchies during the 15th and 16th centuries were. Due to lineage, Charles V was the heir of both the royal throne of Spain and the Hapsburg dukedom.He became the King of the Spanish Empire and the Hapsburg territories, which included Austria and Hungary, along with becoming the Holy Roman Emperor.However, holding the land meant nothing to the citizens because he was considered to be an outsider by many, due to the idea that he had been raised in Law Countries and he had brought a large Flemish support with him.Also, because of this dislike, many revolts were brought against, althoug h they were all eventually put down. It is easy to say that Charles was the epitome of new monarch because of the vast territorial holdings that he amassed which required him to spend almost 2/3 of his 40-year reign defending.These holdings included most of Continental Europe west of the Balkans and Poland, except for France. Charles V represents the new monarchs in a number of ways.He had a very strong desire to centralize his government, like the other rulers termed as new monarchs.Charles had captured numerous lands, so it was almost impossible for him to manage all them alone.During the time in which he was away from his throne, he relied on an administrator named Francisco de los Cobos.He was also responsible for the formation of two types of councils.One assumed responsibility of controlling the territories that were taking over during his expansion quests in his empire, and the other was in ch

Theme Analysis of The Fellowship of the Ring by JRR Tolkien essays

Theme Analysis of The Fellowship of the Ring by JRR Tolkien essays The Fellowship of the Ring, by J.R.R. Tolkien, is the first book in the fantasy-based trilogy of the Lord of the Rings. The book begins with Bilbo Baggins celebrating his one hundred and eleventh birthday. After his party, he then decides to leave everything behind and join a Fellowship, which has a task of destroying the Ruling Ring, which will give Supreme Power to whoever has possession of it. Just before he leaves, Gandalf asks Bilbo for this ring. Due to the power in which the ring possesses while the ring is in his possession, he does not want to give it up. The novel ends with the destruction of the Fellowship due to the power in which the ring contains. One of the prime facts of the Middle Earth is power. Power is not neutral, but is always evil. It gives wicked the chance to dominate. The good is corrupting and inescapable (Levitin 575). This is shown repeatedly throughout the novel, from when Bilbo gives up the ring, to when Boromir tries to take the ring, and finally, to seeing the control that the ring has over Frodo. One incident in the book, which corresponds with how power is evil, would be when Bilbo had to give up the Ring. The ring is very powerful. The power is so enticing that Bilbo is very weary to give up that ring. When Gandalf asks Bilbo if he wishes to give up the ring, Bilbo seems unsure saying yes and no. When it came to having to give it up he didn't like parting with it at all and didn't see why he should have to (Tolkien 55). Due to the power in which Bilbo feels that the ring had given him, he doesn't want to part with it. By no means does Bilbo want to use the power in an evil manner to dominate all. It is just the thought of power itself that causes this greed to come over him. Although Bilbo in general is a good character, the power of ring corrupts his ways, showing his thirst for power, which he deserves. Another incident, which portrays this corruption of goodn ...

Edward Bernays, Father of Public Relations and Propaganda

Edward Bernays, Father of Public Relations and Propaganda Edward Bernays was an American business consultant who is widely regarded as having created the modern profession of public relations with his groundbreaking campaigns of the 1920s. Bernays attained clients among major corporations and became known for boosting their business by causing changes in public opinion. Advertising was already commonplace by the early 20th century. But what Bernays did with his campaigns was significantly different, as he didnt openly seek to promote a particular product the way a typical ad campaign would. Instead, when hired by a company, Bernays would set out to change the opinions of the general public, creating demand which would indirectly boost the fortunes of a particular product. Fast Facts: Edward Bernays Born: November 22, 1891 in Vienna AustriaDied: March 9, 1995 in Cambridge, MassachusettsParents: Ely Bernays and Anna FreudSpouse: Doris Fleishman (married 1922)Education: Cornell UniversityNotable Published Works: Crystallizing Public Opinion (1923),  Propaganda  (1928),  Public Relations  (1945),  The Engineering of Consent  (1955)Famous Quote: Whatever of social importance is done today, whether in politics, finance, manufacture, agriculture, charity, education, or other fields, must be done with the help of propaganda. (from his 1928 book Propaganda) Some of Bernays public relations campaigns failed, but some were so successful that he was able to create a thriving business. And, making no secret of his family relationship to Sigmund Freud- he was the nephew of the pioneering psychoanalyst- his work had the veneer of scientific respectability. Bernays was often portrayed as the father of propaganda, a title he did not mind. He maintained that propaganda was a laudable and necessary component of democratic government. Early Life Edward L. Bernays was born on November 22, 1891, in Vienna, Austria. His family emigrated to the United States a year later, and his father became a successful grain merchant on the New York commodity exchanges. His mother, Anna Freud, was the younger sister of Sigmund Freud. Bernays did not grow up in contact with Freud directly, though as a young man he did visit him. Its unclear how much Freud influenced his work in the publicity business, but Bernays was never shy about the connection and it no doubt helped him attract clients. After growing up in Manhattan, Bernays attended Cornell University. It was his fathers idea, as he believed his son would also enter the grain business and a degree from Cornells prestigious agriculture program would be helpful. Bernays was an outsider at Cornell, which was largely attended by the sons of farming families. Unhappy with the career path chosen for him, he graduated from Cornell intent on becoming a journalist. Back in Manhattan, he became the editor of a medical journal. Early Career His position at the Medical Review of Reviews led to his first foray into public relations. He heard that an actor wanted to produce a play that was controversial, as it dealt with the subject of venereal disease. Bernays offered to help and essentially turned the play into a cause, and a success, by creating what he called the Sociological Fund Committee, which enlisted notable citizens to praise the play. After that first experience, Bernays began working as a press agent and built a thriving business. During World War I he was rejected for military service due to his poor vision, but he offered his public relations services to the U.S. government. When he joined the governments Committee of Public Information, he enlisted American companies doing business overseas to distribute literature about Americas reasons for entering the war. After the end of the war, Bernays traveled to Paris as part of a government public relations team at the Paris Peace Conference. The trip went badly for Bernays, who found himself in conflict with other officials. Despite that, he came away having learned a valuable lesson, which was that wartime work changing public opinion on a grand scale could have civilian applications. Noteworthy Campaigns Following the war, Bernays continued in the public relations business, seeking out major clients. An early triumph was a project for President Calvin Coolidge, who projected a stern and humorless image. Bernays arranged for performers, including Al Jolson, to visit Coolidge at the White House. Coolidge was portrayed in the press as having fun, and weeks later he won the election of 1924. Bernays, of course, took credit for changing the publics perception of Coolidge. One of the most famous Bernays campaigns was while working for the American Tobacco Company in the late 1920s. Smoking had caught on among American women in the years following World War I, but the habit carried a stigma and only a fraction of Americans found it acceptable for women to smoke, especially in public. Bernays began by spreading the idea, through various means, that smoking was an alternative to candy and desserts and that tobacco helped people lose weight. He followed that up in 1929 with something more audacious: spreading the idea that cigarettes meant freedom. Bernays had gotten the idea from consulting with a New York psychoanalyst who happened to be a disciple of his uncle, Dr. Freud. Bernays was informed that women of the late 1920s were seeking freedom, and smoking represented that freedom. To find a way to convey that concept to the public, Bernays hit upon the stunt of having young women smoke cigarettes while strolling in the annual Easter Sunday parade on Fifth Avenue in New York City. Scene at 1929 Freedom Torches event arranged by Edward Bernays.   Getty Images The event was carefully organized and essentially scripted. Debutantes were recruited to be the smokers, and they were carefully positioned near particular landmarks, such as St. Patricks Cathedral. Bernays even arranged for a photographer to shoot images just in case any newspaper photographers missed the shot. The next day, the New York Times published a story on the annual Easter celebrations and a sub-headline on page one read: Group of Girls Puff at Cigarettes as a Gesture of Freedom. The article noted about a dozen young women strolled back and forth near St. Patricks Cathedral, ostentatiously smoking cigarettes. When interviewed, the women said the cigarettes were torches of freedom that were lighting the way to the day when women would smoke on the street as casually as men. The tobacco company was happy with the results, as sales to women accelerated. A wildly successful campaign was devised by Bernays for a longtime client, Procter Gamble for its Ivory Soap brand. Bernays devised a way of making children like soap by initiating soap carving contests. Children (and adults, too) were encouraged to whittle bars of Ivory and the contests became a national fad. A newspaper article in 1929 about the companys fifth annual soap sculpture contest mentioned that $1,675 in prize money was being awarded, and many contestants were adults and even professional artists. The contests continued for decades (and instructions for soap sculpture are still part of Procter Gamble promotions). Influential Author Bernays had started in public relations as a press agent for various performers, but by the 1920s he saw himself as a strategist who was elevating the entire business of public relations into a profession. He preached his theories on shaping public opinion at university lectures and also published books, including Crystallizing Public Opinion (1923) and Propaganda (1928). He later wrote memoirs of his career. His books were influential, and generations of public relations professionals have referred to them. Bernays, however, came in for criticism. He was denounced by the magazine Editor and Publisher as the young Machiavelli of our time, and he was often criticized for operating in deceptive ways. Legacy Bernays has been widely regarded as a pioneer in the field of public relations, and many of his techniques have become commonplace. For instance, the Bernays practice of forming interest groups to advocate for something is reflected daily in the commentators on cable television who represent interest groups and think tanks that seem to exist to confer respectability. Often speaking out in retirement, Bernays, who lived to the age of 103 and died in 1995, was often critical of those who seemed to be his heirs. He told the New York Times, in an interview conducted in honor of his 100th birthday, that any dope, any nitwit, any idiot, can call him or herself a public relations practitioner. However, he said he would be happy to be called the father of public relations when the field is taken seriously, like law or architecture. Sources: Edward L. Bernays. Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd ed., vol. 2, Gale, 2004, pp. 211-212. Gale Virtual Reference Library.Bernays, Edward L. The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives, edited by Kenneth T. Jackson, et al., vol. 4: 1994-1996, Charles Scribners Sons, 2001, pp. 32-34. Gale Virtual Reference Library.

35 Years for Wikileaks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

35 Years for Wikileaks - Essay Example Hence, the prosecution awarded him a severe punishment of imprisonment, perhaps the longest period of confinement. Analyzing this punishment to a soldier in uniform is an inspiration and lesson for every military officer. Although it is an American issue, the impact of this incident on other countries cannot be ignored. The given punishment clearly indicates the importance of maintaining the secrets military activities. Thus, the other nations also understand how cruel and unethical activities were carried out by the US military. It also paves a way to protest against such operations as they cannot justify and defend their heinous act of murdering. Moreover, it points out the world about an insecure life of a soldier from every corner. This type of punishment and activities by the court martial can make man critical minded. Firstly, how could an individual like Bradley Manning in military is offered with all details of military activities? Does it reveal the weakness of military system in preserving documents and information? Secondly, is it a drama being played to reveal the power of the military to scare rival nations about the aftermaths of their illegal activities? Lastly, if such kinds of activities are undertaken what is expected in the future? Would the nest generation be fortunate to know what harmony is? Simpson, I & Roshan, M. (Aug 21, 2013). U.S. soldier Manning gets 35 years for passing documents to WikiLeaks. Reuters. Retrieved from

How Does Relationship Marketing Affect Customer Retention in Banking Essay

How Does Relationship Marketing Affect Customer Retention in Banking - Essay Example The researcher states that traditionally there were few government regulated nationalized banks, so banks did not compete to grab customers. The customers were loyal to the banks they went to and it carried on for generations. However, with the increasing number of private banks, the competition in the market has increased. The private banks are offering lucrative financial products along with basic banking facilities. The services are prompt, the procedure is short and fast, which has reduced the problems and increased the operational efficiency of the banks. The concepts of relationship marketing would be discussed in the context of the banking industry. Now the major objective of this study is to identify the significance of relationship marketing, its application, and usage in case of the banking industry. This will assist in informing the readers about the relationship marketing approaches that banks utilize to retain the customers. Since customers have more options, so they kee p switching from one bank to another for short-term profits. The banks now do not depend on customer loyalty; rather they wish to focus on customer retention through customer satisfaction. Keeping in mind the research hypothesis and the objectives of the study, a critical review of the literature would be done, which would assist in understanding the role relationship marketing and technology in the banking industry because technology has acted as a catalyst for relationship marketing to grow in the country.... ature would be done, which would assist in understanding the role relationship marketing and technology in the banking industry because technology has acted as a catalyst for relationship marketing to grow in the country (Bergstrom and Bresnahan, 1996). Literature Review Relationship Marketing Relationship marketing can be defined as a way of marketing that can be developed through direct marketing campaigns, as this will assist in focusing on customer satisfaction and their retention, rather than just concentrate on sales. Relationship marketing is somewhat different from other types of marketing strategies because it considers having long-term relationship with the customers, which will extend beyond the level of general promotion (Bharadwaj, Varadarajan, and Fahy, 1993). As the name suggests, relationship marketing deals with relationship building. In the present times, advancement of technology and growth of mobile and internet platforms has assisted relationship marketing to evo lve and collaborate with the social communication channels. There are many tools which are applied by organizations to maintain strong relationship with the customers (Chang, Chan, and Leck, 1997). In the banking industry, the marketing environment has undergone tremendous change. This is primarily due to changing government policies. The advancing technology has also intensified the competition. These factors have resulted in development of new challenges and behaviours. The loyalty of the customers towards a particular bank has declined due to the increasing level of competition in the industry (Ennew, and Binks, 1996). Nowadays the customers get more number of options and better offers, and the other reason is that the customers prefer to use more than one financial institution in order

Luxembourg :: essays research papers fc

Location Luxembourg is located in Europe and is bordered by Belgium, Germany and France. On a map, it is located at 50 N latitude and 6 E longitude. Luxembourg is very small. It is only 998 square miles, which is roughly the size of Orange County, California. All the country is inhabited, with most people living in the southern part. The Flag The flag of Luxembourg was adopted in 1845. The colors come from the Coat of Arms of Luxembourg and are red, white and blue. The flag is simply three horizontal stripes from top to bottom. The Land and People Luxembourg has two distinct regions. The Ardennes, or northern region, is mountainous. The Bon Pays, or southern region, is mostly fertile farmland. The climate is cool and moist, with snow in the mountains. There are rich deposits of iron ore creating many jobs in the steel industry. There is also fertile farmland to the south, also creating many jobs in farming. The people of Luxembourg have no native costume. They borrow much of their culture from Belgium, Germany, and France. Today, modern Luxembourgers dress like other Europeans. The people of Luxembourg like to eat smoked pork and beans, and sometimes saurkraut. Smoked ham is available all year round, and pastries are a Luxembourg favorite. Some of these pastries include rolls, muffins, cupcakes, and a special dry cake translated "Random Thoughts". Luxembourg makes beer and wine which is sold there and in other nearby countries. The buildings in Luxembourg vary from place to place. Some villages have charming old houses hundreds of years old, though in the cities there are many modern apartment and office buildings. For recreation, a Luxembourger might ride a bike, or hike in the countryside. A favorite sport of the people is volleyball. For transportaion they have railroads and highways for cars and buses. There are bike trails and hiking paths as well. Luxembourg doesn't have a culture all its own, because it ties in with its neighboring countries, Belgium, Germany, and France. The natural resources of Luxembourg are: iron ore, which is processed into steel, farm products such as wheat, corn and livestock, and grapes which are grown for winemaking. Technology The main industries of Luxembourg are steel and winemaking. Farming is also an important industry, especially with such crops as corn, wheat and livestock. The steel is exported and crops are exported, as well as used in Luxembourg. Also the wine made in Luxembourg is exported and sold there. Culture There is a lot of culture in Luxembourg. There are many art galleries featuring work from the expressionist painter, Joseph Kutter, and also that of Edward Steichen, a well

Dolphins: Communicators of the Sea

Dolphins are common creatures at rivers and seas. The majority of small toothed whales are dolphins. Dolphins are large sea animals making it part of the suborder Odontoceti, family Delphinidae. Whales and porpoises generally belong to the Cetaceans belonging to family Plantanistidae and Delphinidae, respectively. Often, people used dolphins and porpoises interchangeably denoting same species but porpoises in particular and dolphins are different species. Porpoises belong to family Phocaenidae; it has a rounded snout and chisel-liked teeth.While dolphins are under family Plantanistidae and Delphinidae, instead of a rounded snout, dolphins have beak like snout and sharp, conical teeth. Dolphins are outgoing creatures; often they are mingling in a group with two to fifteen animal members or more. Most of their communities are dominated by females, its offspring, sisters and other females. Sub adult male dolphins will leave these female-dominated communities to start a group of â€Å"b achelor† dolphins; if these dolphins become sexually mature, they can move in the female groups for copulation. These mammals are very playful.They are often spotted riding the bow wave or stern wake of boats and â€Å"surfing† on waves. Chasing and tossing things to one another is one of their favorite plays. If seen jumping or breaching, it indicates enthusiasm for these creatures. Play is important for dolphins for learning and as well as to practice their skills necessary for their life’s survival (Geocities. com, 2006). The current paper focuses on these creatures’ characteristics, particularly their capability to engage in echolocation. Scope The paper begins with an introduction about the dolphin, and their general characteristics as sea creatures.This is followed by a discussion of their general physiology, including their skin, fin, swimming speed, breathing, and body temperature. The dolphin family is then discussed, with its 33 species – with 5 river species and 6 porpoise species. Of these, the most popular is said to be the bottlenose dolphin which are found in theme parks and are featured in television programs. The next focus would be on the dolphin’s brainpower, specifically in their capacity to make tunes among themselves with a wide range of sounds. Their distinctive communication patterns are likewise expounded on.The paper concludes with a call for concern and protection from humans, who are supposed to be stewards of these creatures. Overview With regards to its general physiology, dolphins have rubbery skin. They are classified as mammals and have the capacity of maintaining high body temperature. They can hold their breath for several minutes making it easy for them to have rapid and deep dives of more then 300 m (1,000 ft). To date, there are more than 33 different species of dolphins, over 5 different species of river dolphins and more than 6 different species of porpoises.Though there are many species of dolphins, the most popular are bottlenose dolphins which are frequently featured in television and theme parks. Perhaps their greatest strength is their ability to communicate with one another or to echolocate. This is the counterpart of language among humans. Dolphins create whistles and sounds signifying an action for which another dolphin can understand, it can signal danger for their kind hence they should be alert or a prey is near at hand thus, everybody must prepare; depending on the whistle produced.They can make signature whistles that carry distinct information. Considering the cognitive abilities of bottlenose dolphins, their vocal learning and copying skills, and their fission–fusion social structure, their communication process can be further studied to provide evidences about their â€Å"dolphin messages and echoes. † Humans have the responsibility of taking care of these creatures, acting as their stewards to prevent them from extinction. Gene ral Physiology of a Dolphin A dolphin’s body is smooth having a rubbery-feel of its hairless skin when touched.The skeletal remnants of five digits in the front appendage form the flippers mainly acting as its balancer during its swim. The rear appendages are almost absent because the small pelvic bones are deep-rooted in the connective tissue at the base of the tail (Dolphin Lovers. com, 2006). The subcutaneous dermal tissue of the dolphin forms its immovable dorsal fin; its tail fin is also dermal in its origin. Its movement is similar with the whales wherein the major force comes from its vertical oscillations of the tail and flukes making it capable to swim at a speed of 37-40 km/h, and in some events, its swimming speed reaches up to 48 km/h.Dolphins seem restless in traveling the rivers but in reality, it rides the bow wave by making use of the ship’s trust (Stoops, 1996) Dolphins are mammals, hence breathing and maintaining high body temperature is vital. Dolphi ns maintain its internal temperature at 36. 5 deg to 37. 2 deg C (97. 9 deg to 99 deg F), with its thick layer of dense fat (blubber) under the skin. At the top of its head, a single nostril or blowhole is placed where it acts as its lungs. Dolphins breathe air at the surface every two minutes consisting of brief unpredictable exhalation followed by a longer inhalation.Dolphins are capable to hold their breath for several minutes making it easy for them to have rapid and deep dives of more then 300 m (1,000 ft) (Dolphin Lovers. com, 2006). Dolphin’s Brainpower Greco and Gini (2005) say that dolphins are capable of making tunes among themselves with a wide range of sounds. Dolphins show evidence that their intelligence is greater than that of dogs. Dolphins learn easily and execute complicated tasks, continuous communications with one another, and their ability to mimic the sounds of human language if they are given ample time to be trained.Toothed whales have exceptionally la rge brains including the famously bright dolphins that have capabilities previously only attributed to humans and apes. Cetaceans (dolphins, whales and porpoises) and its ancestors acquired changes specifically in their brain through evolution. One of the reliable evidence to support this claim is by measuring the level of encephalization of a species or a taxonomic group. EQ is the measure of observed brain size relative to expected brain size derived from a regression of brain weight on body weight for a sample of species.EQ measures how much larger or smaller a species’ total brain size is from what is expected based on brain-body algometry (Greco et. al, 2003). Dolphins and humans share many common attributes. Both creatures are mammals wherein the young are born alive and not hatched from eggs. Air is important for both organisms since it sustains their breathing; the only difference is that dolphins must come up to the surface to breathe in its blowhole on the top of it s head and when it dives, the blowhole closes unlike humans that continuously breathe air in its respiratory system.Wang (1995) asserts that aside from being mammals, communication is one the major attributes keeping these two organisms at par with one another. Humans are capable of language and speeches denoting an idea or message for a particular person while dolphins create whistles and sounds signifying an action for which another dolphin can understand, it can signal danger for their kind hence they should be alert or a prey is near at hand thus, everybody must prepare; depending on the whistle produced.

Quezon City City Of The Philippines - 1334 Words

Quezon City is a site whose history is teeming with hardship. It was originally designed and created as a utopian planned city to function as the capital of the Philippines, replacing Manila. Due to several unforeseen circumstances, including World War II and the death of the original designer, the plans were put on hold. Due to the problems the Quezon City originally faced, it was never fully implemented and never lived up to its expectation as the capital, but continues to flourish as a culture, economic, and education hub in the Philippines. Located on a fertile plateau, Quezon City is surrounded with hilly forest to the north and three cities in the other directions. The center of the city has one main oval, known as Quezon City Circle. Originally intended to be the home of government buildings, today this circle contains several parks, gardens, and cultural monuments. From the center radiates six main streets: one going north, one going east, one going south, and three forking to west. Of those three, two create the upper and lower borders of Triangle Park, and Quezon Avenue bisects the triangle through the middle. Epifanio de los Santos Avenue defines the third side of Triangle Park. Despite the name, there are not many parks within the triangle: Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife Center and several small neighborhood parks. Two more streets angle back from the ends of Triangle Park to Quezon Avenue, creating a large diamond, perfectly bisected by Quezon Avenue andShow MoreRelatedThe City Of Quezon City1406 Words   |  6 PagesThe history of Quezon City is teeming with hardship. It was originally designed and created as a utopian planned city to function as the capital of the Philippines, replacing Manila. Due to several unforeseen circumstances, including World War II and the death of the original designer, the plans were put on hold. 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Flooded with queries on how to send help and assistance to displaced residents of the war-torn city, here are the list of government agencies and other offices that accept donations in-cash and in-kind. The DepartmentRead Mor eAbs-Cbn vs Gma7 Written Analysis of the Case1213 Words   |  5 Pagesheadquarters is in Quezon City with regional offices and news bureaus in over 25 provincial areas throughout the country. GMA Network (GMA) is a major commercial television radio network in the Philippines. GMA Network is owned by GMA Network, Inc. a publicly listed company. Its first broadcast on television was on October 29, 1961. It is headquartered in the GMA Network Center in Quezon City and its transmitter is located at Tandang Sora Avenue, Barangay Culiat also in Quezon City. Rivals GMA NetworkRead MoreMarketing Plan802 Words   |  4 Pagesposition itself as a reasonably priced, upscale and fine fast food restaurant. Its patrons will be single as well as families; ages 20 – 50. 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